Which of the following statements correctly describes a fundamental anatomical difference between Periplaneta (cockroach) and Rana (frog)?

Step-by-step solution

Periplaneta (cockroach) belongs to the phylum Arthropoda, which is a non-chordate group. In non-chordates, if a heart is present, it is located dorsally, and the central nervous system is ventral, solid, and double. Rana (frog) belongs to the class Amphibia, which is a chordate group. Chordates are characterized by a ventral heart and a dorsal, hollow, and single central nervous system. Therefore, Periplaneta has a dorsal heart while Rana has a ventral heart. The other options incorrectly assign or swap these funda