Category of Reason Description A. Narrowly utilitarian 1. Emphasizes the intrinsic value of all species and our moral duty to preserve them B. Broadly utilitarian 2. Focuses on direct economic benefits derived from nature, such as food and medicine C. Ethical 3. Highlights the role of biodiversity in providing ecosystem services like oxygen production and pollination

Step-by-step solution

A - 2: Narrowly utilitarian reasons for conserving biodiversity focus on the direct economic benefits humans derive from nature, such as food, firewood, construction materials, and medicinal products. B - 3: Broadly utilitarian reasons emphasize the importance of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem services, such as oxygen production by forests and pollination by bees, birds, and bats, which are crucial for agriculture and plant reproduction. C - 1: Ethical reasons for conserving biodiversity are based on the int