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COMEDK2025ChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureActual

The maximum polarity and dipole moment among the following is:

Correct answer

1

Step-by-step solution

NH₂ is electron-donating (dipole points towards ring) and NO₂ is electron-withdrawing (dipole points away from ring). In the para isomer (option 2), both dipole vectors are exactly opposite (180°) but point in the same net direction, so they add up: _ net = ₁ + ₂ , giving maximum dipole moment. In ortho (1) and meta (4) isomers, the vectors act at an angle and partially cancel. Option (3) has only one substituent, so no additive effect. Also, the para arrangement enables a continuous push-pull resonance ( NH₂ ring

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