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COMEDK2021ChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Why do alcohols and carboxylic acids have higher boiling points as compared to aldehydes?

Options

  1. ADue to-CHO group
  2. BDue to Fazan's rule
  3. CDue to inter molecular hydrogen bonding
  4. DDue to intramolecular hydrogen bonding

Correct answer

C. Due to inter molecular hydrogen bonding

Step-by-step solution

Alcohols (R-OH) and carboxylic acids (R-COOH) possess a hydrogen atom directly bonded to a highly electronegative oxygen atom. This structural feature allows them to form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between their molecules. Aldehydes (R-CHO), while polar, lack this O-H bond and can only form weaker dipole-dipole interactions with each other. Because intermolecular hydrogen bonds are significantly stronger than dipole-dipole interactions, much more energy (a higher temperature) is required to overcome these

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