Which one of the following compounds when reacted with NaOH (aq) undergoes Substitution Nucleophilic Bimolecular reaction with retention of configuration?

Step-by-step solution

S_N2 reactions normally proceed with inversion of configuration (Walden inversion). Retention of configuration in S_N2 occurs via neighboring group participation (NGP), where a nearby group displaces the leaving group to form a cyclic intermediate, which is then opened by the nucleophile — resulting in a net double inversion (retention). Option (1): C₆H₁₁-CH(CH₃)-CH₂Cl is a primary alkyl chloride with a chiral centre at the -carbon. The cyclohexyl ring with the adjacent chiral carbon allows NGP. The nucleophile att