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COMEDK2023Morning ShiftChemistryp Block Elements (Group 13 & 14)Actual

The order of acidic strength of boron trihalides is

Options

  1. ABCl ₃< BBr ₃< BI ₃< BF ₃
  2. BBBr ₃< BCl ₃< BF ₃< BI ₃
  3. CBF ₃< BCl ₃< BBr ₃< BI ₃
  4. DBI ₃< BBr ₃< BCl ₃< BF ₃

Correct answer

C. BF ₃< BCl ₃< BBr ₃< BI ₃

Step-by-step solution

Boron trihalides are Lewis acids because the boron atom is electron-deficient, having only six electrons in its valence shell. The acidic strength depends on the extent of back-bonding between the lone pair of the halogen atom and the empty 2p orbital of the boron atom. The back-bonding involves the overlap of the 2p orbital of boron with the np orbital of the halogen. The extent of this overlap is maximum for BF ₃ because both boron and fluorine have 2p orbitals, leading to effective p -p back-bonding. This reduce

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