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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Photometry

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Photometry

A point source emitting light uniformly in all directions is...

A point source emitting light uniformly in all directions is situated 60 cm60 \text{ cm} above a table-top. At a point on the table-top directly beneath the source, the illuminance is 15 lux15 \text{ lux}. Determine the illuminance at a point on the table-top located 80 cm80 \text{ cm} away from this first point.

Options

  1. A9.00 lux9.00 \text{ lux}
  2. B5.40 lux5.40 \text{ lux}
  3. C7.68 lux7.68 \text{ lux}
  4. D3.24 lux3.24 \text{ lux}

Correct answer

D. 3.24 lux3.24 \text{ lux}

Step-by-step solution

The illuminance at a point directly below the source is given by E0=Ih2E_{0} = \dfrac{I}{h^{2}}.

Given E0=15 luxE_{0} = 15 \text{ lux} and h=60 cm=0.6 mh = 60 \text{ cm} = 0.6 \text{ m}.

The illuminance at a point on the table-top at a distance xx from the first point is E=Icos⁡θr2E = \dfrac{I \cos \theta}{r^{2}}, where r=h2+x2r = \sqrt{h^{2} + x^{2}} and cos⁡θ=hr\cos \theta = \dfrac{h}{r}.

Substituting I=E0h2I = E_{0} h^{2} and cos⁡θ\cos \theta, we get:

E=E0h2r2×hr=E0(hr)3E = \dfrac{E_{0} h^{2}}{r^{2}} \times \dfrac{h}{r} = E_{0} \left( \dfrac{h}{r} \right)^{3}

Given x=80 cm=0.8 mx = 80 \text{ cm} = 0.8 \text{ m}, the distance rr from the source to the point is:

r=0.62+0.82=1.0 mr = \sqrt{0.6^{2} + 0.8^{2}} = 1.0 \text{ m}

Therefore, the illuminance at this point is:

E=15×(0.61.0)3=15×0.216=3.24 luxE = 15 \times \left( \dfrac{0.6}{1.0} \right)^{3} = 15 \times 0.216 = 3.24 \text{ lux}
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