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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Current in Conductors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Current in Conductors

A 6-volt battery with negligible internal resistance is connected...

A 6-volt6\text{-volt} battery with negligible internal resistance is connected across a uniform wire ABAB of length 100 cm100 \text{ cm}. As shown in the figure, the positive terminal of another battery having an emf of 4 V4 \text{ V} and an internal resistance of 1 Ω1 \text{ }\Omega is joined to point AA. Assume the potential at BB is zero. Determine the following:
(i) The potentials at points AA and CC.
(ii) The distance from AA to the point DD on the wire ABAB where the potential equals the potential at CC.
(iii) The current through a wire if points CC and DD are connected by it.
(iv) The answers to (i) and (ii) if the 4 V4 \text{ V} battery is replaced by a 7.5 V7.5 \text{ V} battery.
A 6-volt battery with negligible internal resistance is connected across a uniform wire AB of length 100 cm . As shown

Options

  1. A(i) 6 V6 \text{ V}, 2 V2 \text{ V}; (ii) 33.3 cm33.3 \text{ cm}; (iii) 1 A1 \text{ A}; (iv) 6 V6 \text{ V}, −1.5 V-1.5 \text{ V}, 25 cm25 \text{ cm}
  2. B(i) 4 V4 \text{ V}, 2 V2 \text{ V}; (ii) 50 cm50 \text{ cm}; (iii) zero; (iv) 4 V4 \text{ V}, −3.5 V-3.5 \text{ V}, no such point exists
  3. C(i) 6 V6 \text{ V}, 2 V2 \text{ V}; (ii) 66.7 cm66.7 \text{ cm}; (iii) zero; (iv) 6 V6 \text{ V}, −1.5 V-1.5 \text{ V}, no such point exists
  4. D(i) 6 V6 \text{ V}, 4 V4 \text{ V}; (ii) 33.3 cm33.3 \text{ cm}; (iii) 2 A2 \text{ A}; (iv) 6 V6 \text{ V}, 1.5 V1.5 \text{ V}, 75 cm75 \text{ cm}

Correct answer

C. (i) 6 V6 \text{ V}, 2 V2 \text{ V}; (ii) 66.7 cm66.7 \text{ cm}; (iii) zero; (iv) 6 V6 \text{ V}, −1.5 V-1.5 \text{ V}, no such point exists

Step-by-step solution

Given VB=0 VV_B = 0 \text{ V}. The 6 V6 \text{ V} battery is connected across the wire ABAB with its positive terminal at AA.

VA−VB=6 V⇒VA=6 VV_A - V_B = 6 \text{ V} \Rightarrow V_A = 6 \text{ V}

In the lower branch, the 4 V4 \text{ V} battery has its positive terminal at AA. Since the circuit is open at CC, no current flows through the 1 Ω1 \text{ }\Omega resistor, meaning there is no voltage drop across it.

VA−VC=4 V⇒VC=6−4=2 VV_A - V_C = 4 \text{ V} \Rightarrow V_C = 6 - 4 = 2 \text{ V}

Let DD be at a distance xx from AA. The potential gradient along the wire ABAB of length 100 cm100 \text{ cm} is:

λ=VA−VBL=6100=0.06 V/cm\lambda = \dfrac{V_A - V_B}{L} = \dfrac{6}{100} = 0.06 \text{ V/cm}

The potential at DD is given by:

VD=VA−λx=6−0.06xV_D = V_A - \lambda x = 6 - 0.06x

We require VD=VC=2 VV_D = V_C = 2 \text{ V}:

6−0.06x=2⇒0.06x=4⇒x=4006=66.7 cm6 - 0.06x = 2 \Rightarrow 0.06x = 4 \Rightarrow x = \dfrac{400}{6} = 66.7 \text{ cm}

If points CC and DD are connected, the potential difference between them is zero (VC=VD=2 VV_C = V_D = 2 \text{ V}). Therefore, the current through the connecting wire will be zero.

If the 4 V4 \text{ V} battery is replaced by a 7.5 V7.5 \text{ V} battery, the new potential at CC becomes:

VC=VA−7.5=6−7.5=−1.5 VV_C = V_A - 7.5 = 6 - 7.5 = -1.5 \text{ V}

The potential on the wire ABAB ranges from 6 V6 \text{ V} at AA to 0 V0 \text{ V} at BB. Since −1.5 V-1.5 \text{ V} is outside this range, no such point exists on the wire.
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