Quantrex Quantrex AcademyJEE · NEET · NDA PYQs with solutions Open app
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Current in Conductors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Current in Conductors

Determine the potential difference between points A and B , and...

Determine the potential difference between points AA and BB, and between points BB and CC, for the circuit shown in the figure in steady state.
Determine the potential difference between points A and B , and between points B and C , for the circuit shown in the

Options

  1. A25 V25 \text{ V} and 75 V75 \text{ V}
  2. B50 V50 \text{ V} and 50 V50 \text{ V}
  3. C20 V20 \text{ V} and 80 V80 \text{ V}
  4. D75 V75 \text{ V} and 25 V25 \text{ V}

Correct answer

A. 25 V25 \text{ V} and 75 V75 \text{ V}

Step-by-step solution

In steady state, the capacitors are fully charged and act as open circuits. Therefore, no direct current flows through the circuit (I=0I = 0).

Since the current is zero, there is no voltage drop across the 20 Ω20\ \Omega and 10 Ω10\ \Omega resistors. The potential difference across the capacitor network, between points A and C, is equal to the electromotive force of the battery:

VA−VC=100 VV_A - V_C = 100\text{ V}

Let us analyze the connections of the capacitors in the network. The left vertical wire is entirely at potential VAV_A, and the right vertical wire is entirely at potential VCV_C.

The top 3 μF3\ \mu\text{F} capacitor is connected between node A and node B. The middle horizontal wire is connected to the left vertical wire (node A). The vertical 3 μF3\ \mu\text{F} capacitor connects this middle wire to node B. Thus, both 3 μF3\ \mu\text{F} capacitors are connected in parallel between nodes A and B. Their equivalent capacitance is:

CAB=3 μF+3 μF=6 μFC_{AB} = 3\ \mu\text{F} + 3\ \mu\text{F} = 6\ \mu\text{F}

Similarly, the top 1 μF1\ \mu\text{F} capacitor is connected between node B and node C. The middle horizontal wire is connected to the right vertical wire (node C). The vertical 1 μF1\ \mu\text{F} capacitor connects this middle wire to node B. Thus, both 1 μF1\ \mu\text{F} capacitors are connected in parallel between nodes B and C. Their equivalent capacitance is:

CBC=1 μF+1 μF=2 μFC_{BC} = 1\ \mu\text{F} + 1\ \mu\text{F} = 2\ \mu\text{F}

The middle 1 μF1\ \mu\text{F} capacitor is connected directly between node A and node C. It is in parallel with the series combination of CABC_{AB} and CBCC_{BC}, and does not affect the potential at node B.

The equivalent capacitors CABC_{AB} and CBCC_{BC} are in series across the potential difference of 100 V100\text{ V}. In a series combination, the potential difference across a capacitor is inversely proportional to its capacitance.

The potential difference between A and B is:

VAB=VAC×CBCCAB+CBCV_{AB} = V_{AC} \times \dfrac{C_{BC}}{C_{AB} + C_{BC}}

VAB=100×26+2=100×28=25 VV_{AB} = 100 \times \dfrac{2}{6 + 2} = 100 \times \dfrac{2}{8} = 25\text{ V}

The potential difference between B and C is:

VBC=VAC×CABCAB+CBCV_{BC} = V_{AC} \times \dfrac{C_{AB}}{C_{AB} + C_{BC}}

VBC=100×66+2=100×68=75 VV_{BC} = 100 \times \dfrac{6}{6 + 2} = 100 \times \dfrac{6}{8} = 75\text{ V}

Answer: 25 V25 \text{ V} and 75 V75 \text{ V}
Practice Electric Current in Conductors on Quantrex Academy →

More from Electric Current in Conductors

The amount of charge passing through a cross-section of a wire in time t is given by Q(t)… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]A discharge tube carries an electric current of 2.0 . Determine the amount of charge that… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]The current flowing through a wire varies with time according to i = i_0 + α t , where… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]A copper wire with a cross-section of 1.0 mm^2 carries a current of 1.0 A . Determine the… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]An electron gun releases 2.0 × 10^ 16 electrons per second. Determine the electric… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]The amount of charge passing through a cross-section of a wire in time t is Q(t) = At^2 +… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]A uniform wire having a resistance of 100 Ω is melted and recast into a new wire whose… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]Determine the required length of a copper wire having a cross-sectional area of 0.01 mm^2… Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] Full Electric Current in Conductors list All Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] PYQs