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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Current in Conductors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Current in Conductors

A capacitance C charged to a potential difference V is discharged...

A capacitance CC charged to a potential difference VV is discharged by connecting its plates across a resistance RR. Determine the heat dissipated during one time constant after the connections are established. (This can be evaluated by computing ∫i2R dt\int i^2 R \, dt or by assessing the reduction in the energy stored within the capacitor.)

Options

  1. A12CV2\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2\left(1 - \dfrac{1}{e^2}\right)
  2. B12CV2(1e2)\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2 \left(\dfrac{1}{e^2}\right)
  3. C12CV2\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2\left(1 - \dfrac{1}{e}\right)
  4. D12CV2(1−1e)2\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2 \left(1 - \dfrac{1}{e}\right)^2

Correct answer

A. 12CV2\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2\left(1 - \dfrac{1}{e^2}\right)

Step-by-step solution

The initial energy stored in the capacitor is Ui=12CV2U_i = \dfrac{1}{2}CV^2.

During the discharging of a capacitor, the voltage across it at any time tt is given by V(t)=Ve−t/RCV(t) = V e^{-t/RC}.

After one time constant t=RCt = RC, the voltage becomes V(RC)=Ve−1=VeV(RC) = V e^{-1} = \dfrac{V}{e}.

The energy stored in the capacitor at this time is Uf=12C(Ve)2=U_f = \dfrac{1}{2}C \left(\dfrac{V}{e}\right)^2 =\dfrac{1}{2}CV2(1e2).<br><br>Byconservationofenergy,theheatdissipatedacrosstheresistorisequaltothelossintheelectricalpotentialenergyofthecapacitor.<br><br>CV^2 \left(\dfrac{1}{e^2}\right).<br><br>By conservation of energy, the heat dissipated across the resistor is equal to the loss in the electrical potential energy of the capacitor.<br><br>H = U_i - U_f = 12\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2 - 12\dfrac{1}{2}CV^2 \left(\dfrac{1}{e^2}\right) = \dfrac{1}{2}CV^2 \left(1 - \dfrac{1}{e^2}\right)..
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