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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
X-rays

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · X-rays

The wavelengths of the K_α and K_β X-rays of molybdenum are 0.71...

The wavelengths of the KαK_\alpha and KβK_\beta X-rays of molybdenum are 0.71 A˚0.71 \text{ \AA} and 0.63 A˚0.63 \text{ \AA}, respectively. Determine the wavelength of the LαL_\alpha X-ray of molybdenum.

Options

  1. A5.64 A˚5.64 \text{ \AA}
  2. B5.59 A˚5.59 \text{ \AA}
  3. C1.34 A˚1.34 \text{ \AA}
  4. D0.33 A˚0.33 \text{ \AA}

Correct answer

B. 5.59 A˚5.59 \text{ \AA}

Step-by-step solution

The energy of an X-ray photon is given by E=hcλE = \dfrac{hc}{\lambda}.

The KαK_{\alpha} transition corresponds to an electron jumping from the LL shell to the KK shell, so EKα=EL−EKE_{K_{\alpha}} = E_L - E_K.

The KβK_{\beta} transition corresponds to an electron jumping from the MM shell to the KK shell, so EKβ=EM−EKE_{K_{\beta}} = E_M - E_K.

The LαL_{\alpha} transition corresponds to an electron jumping from the MM shell to the LL shell, so ELα=EM−ELE_{L_{\alpha}} = E_M - E_L.

From these energy differences, we can write:

ELα=EKβ−EKαE_{L_{\alpha}} = E_{K_{\beta}} - E_{K_{\alpha}}

Substituting E=hcλE = \dfrac{hc}{\lambda}:

hcλLα=hcλKβ−hcλKα\dfrac{hc}{\lambda_{L_{\alpha}}} = \dfrac{hc}{\lambda_{K_{\beta}}} - \dfrac{hc}{\lambda_{K_{\alpha}}}

1λLα=1λKβ−1λKα\dfrac{1}{\lambda_{L_{\alpha}}} = \dfrac{1}{\lambda_{K_{\beta}}} - \dfrac{1}{\lambda_{K_{\alpha}}}

λLα=λKαλKβλKα−λKβ\lambda_{L_{\alpha}} = \dfrac{\lambda_{K_{\alpha}} \lambda_{K_{\beta}}}{\lambda_{K_{\alpha}} - \lambda_{K_{\beta}}}

Given λKα=0.71 A˚\lambda_{K_{\alpha}} = 0.71 \text{ \AA} and λKβ=0.63 A˚\lambda_{K_{\beta}} = 0.63 \text{ \AA}:

λLα=0.71×0.630.71−0.63\lambda_{L_{\alpha}} = \dfrac{0.71 \times 0.63}{0.71 - 0.63}

λLα=0.44730.08=5.59125 A˚\lambda_{L_{\alpha}} = \dfrac{0.4473}{0.08} = 5.59125 \text{ \AA}

Rounding to two decimal places, we get 5.59 A˚5.59 \text{ \AA}.
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