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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Current in Conductors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Current in Conductors

Suppose a metallic resistor is connected across a battery. If the...

Suppose a metallic resistor is connected across a battery. If the number of collisions of the free electrons with the lattice in the resistor is somehow reduced (for instance, by cooling it), the current will

Options

  1. Aremain constant
  2. Bbecome zero
  3. Cincrease
  4. Ddecrease

Correct answer

C. increase

Step-by-step solution

The drift velocity of free electrons in a metallic conductor is given by vd=eEmτv_d = \dfrac{eE}{m}\tau, where τ\tau is the relaxation time (the average time between successive collisions).

If the number of collisions of free electrons with the lattice is reduced, the relaxation time τ\tau increases.

As a result, the drift velocity vdv_d of the electrons increases.

The electric current flowing through the resistor is given by I=neAvdI = neAv_d.

Since the drift velocity vdv_d increases, the current II will increase.

Alternatively, the resistance of the conductor is R=mlne2τAR = \dfrac{ml}{ne^2\tau A}. An increase in τ\tau leads to a decrease in resistance RR. For a constant potential difference VV provided by the battery, the current I=VRI = \dfrac{V}{R} will increase.
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