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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electric Current in Conductors

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 2] · Physics · Electric Current in Conductors

When a current flows through a wire having a nonuniform...

When a current flows through a wire having a nonuniform cross-section, which of the following quantities remain independent of the cross-sectional area?

Options

  1. AThe current density
  2. BThe amount of charge crossing in a given time interval
  3. CThe free-electron density
  4. DThe drift speed

Correct answer

C. The free-electron density

Step-by-step solution

By the principle of conservation of charge, the current II (which is the amount of charge crossing a given cross-section in a given time interval) remains constant throughout the wire in a steady state, regardless of its cross-sectional area.

The free-electron density nn is a characteristic property of the material of the wire and is independent of its dimensions.

The current density is given by J=IAJ = \dfrac{I}{A}, which is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area AA.

The drift speed is given by vd=IneAv_d = \dfrac{I}{neA}, which is also inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area AA.

Thus, the amount of charge crossing in a given time interval and the free-electron density are independent of the cross-sectional area.
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