Fundamentals of Organic ChemistryChemistryAlcohols Phenols and Ethers
For the given esterification reaction: CH ₃ CH ₂ OH + CH ₃ COOH CH ₃ COOCH ₂ CH ₃ + H ₂ O The yield of the ester can be increased by:
Options
- Aall of these
- Busing acetic acid in excess
- Cremoving water from the reaction mixture
- Dusing ethanol in excess
Correct answer
A. all of these
Step-by-step solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, the yield of the products in a reversible reaction can be increased by shifting the equilibrium in the forward direction. For the given esterification reaction, the equilibrium can be shifted forward by: 1. Increasing the concentration of reactants, which can be done by using either ethanol or acetic acid in excess. 2. Decreasing the concentration of products, which can be done by removing water from the reaction mixture as it is formed. Since all the given methods shift the e