Fundamentals of Organic ChemistryChemistryAmines
Which of the following reagents can reduce nitrobenzene to aniline? (I) H ₂ / Ni (II) Sn / HCl (III) Zn / NaOH (IV) LiAlH ₄
Options
- A(I), (II) and (IV)
- BOnly (II)
- C(I) and (II)
- D(I), (II) and (III)
Correct answer
C. (I) and (II)
Step-by-step solution
Catalytic hydrogenation using H ₂ / Ni reduces nitrobenzene to aniline. Reduction with active metals in acidic medium like Sn / HCl or Fe / HCl also reduces nitrobenzene to aniline. Reduction with Zn / NaOH (alkaline medium) yields hydrazobenzene. Reduction with LiAlH ₄ yields azobenzene. Therefore, only (I) and (II) reduce nitrobenzene to aniline. Answer: (I) and (II)