Identify the compounds B , X , and R respectively in the following sequences of reactions: (i) C ₂ H ₅ MgBr ClCN A H ₃ O ⁺ B (ii) CH ₃ COCH ₃ [ NaOH ] I ₂ X Ag Y (iii) C ₆ H ₅ NH ₂ [ HCl ] NaNO ₂ P CuCN Q +4 H R

Step-by-step solution

In sequence (i), the reaction of ethyl magnesium bromide with cyanogen chloride yields propanenitrile (A). C ₂ H ₅ MgBr + ClCN C ₂ H ₅ CN + MgBrCl Hydrolysis of propanenitrile in an acidic medium yields propanoic acid (B). C ₂ H ₅ CN H ₃ O ⁺ C ₂ H ₅ COOH In sequence (ii), acetone undergoes the iodoform reaction with iodine and sodium hydroxide to form iodoform (X) and sodium acetate. CH ₃ COCH ₃ [ NaOH ] I ₂ CHI ₃ + CH ₃ COONa Heating iodoform with silver powder yields acetylene (Y). 2 CHI ₃ Ag CH CH In sequence (i