Fundamentals of Organic ChemistryChemistryAmines
Which of the following reagents can reduce nitrobenzene to aniline? (I) H ₂ / Ni (II) Sn / HCl (III) Zn / NaOH (IV) LiAlH ₄
Options
- A(I), (II) and (IV)
- B(I), (II) and (III)
- COnly (II)
- D(I) and (II)
Correct answer
D. (I) and (II)
Step-by-step solution
Nitrobenzene is reduced to aniline by catalytic hydrogenation using H ₂ in the presence of finely divided Ni , Pd , or Pt . Nitrobenzene is also reduced to aniline by active metals in acidic medium, such as Sn / HCl or Fe / HCl . Reduction of nitrobenzene with Zn / NaOH (alkaline medium) yields hydrazobenzene. Reduction of nitrobenzene with LiAlH ₄ yields azobenzene. Therefore, only H ₂/ Ni and Sn / HCl can reduce nitrobenzene to aniline. Answer: (I) and (II)