Fundamentals of Organic ChemistryChemistryHaloalkanes and Haloarenes
Which of the following changes will increase the rate of the elimination reaction in the given process? (I) Using 100^ C instead of 50^ C (II) Using water instead of ethanol (III) Adding ethoxide to the ethanol (IV) Using instead of
Options
- A(II) and (III)
- B(I), (III) and (IV)
- C(III) and (IV)
- D(I) and (II)
Correct answer
B. (I), (III) and (IV)
Step-by-step solution
The given reaction involves a tertiary alkyl chloride undergoing solvolysis in ethanol, which acts as both a solvent and a weak base/nucleophile. The reaction proceeds via S_N1 (yielding the ether) and E1 (yielding the alkene) mechanisms. Let us analyze the effect of each change on the rate of the elimination reaction: (I) Using 100^ C instead of 50^ C : Increasing the temperature increases the rate constant of the reaction. Furthermore, elimination reactions have a higher activation energy and a positive entropy o