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Olympiad workbook
Exam
Olympiad workbook
Subject
IOQM
Chapter
Basics of Mathematics

Olympiad workbook · IOQM · Basics of Mathematics

Find the sum of all positive integers n for which |2^n+5^n-65| is a...

Find the sum of all positive integers nn for which \left|2^n+5^n-65\right| is a perfect square.

Correct answer

06

Step-by-step solution

\left|2^n+5^n-65\right|hasunitdigitsameashas unit digit same as2^ni.e.,i.e.,2,4,8,6, \ldots \ldotsforforn=1,2,3,4, \ldotsAlsoforperfectsquareitshallbe4or6HenceAlso for perfect square it shall be 4 or 6 Hencencanbeevenonlyforcan be even only forn=2 \quad\left|2^2+5^2-65\right|=36 n=4 \quad\left|2^4+5^4-65\right|=576AlsoAlso\left(K^2+1\right)^2-K^2=2 K+1ororK^2+(2 K+1)=(K+1)^2LetLet\left|\frac{5^n}{K^2}+\frac{2^n-65}{2 K+1}\right|tobeto be(K+1)^2i.e.,fori.e., forn=6 K=\left(5^3\right) \Rightarrow 2 K+1=251butbut2^6-65=-1forforn=8 K=5^4 \Rightarrow 2 K+1=626butbut2^8-65 \Rightarrow 191forforn=10 K=5^5 \Rightarrow 2 K+1=3126butbut2^{10}-65 \Rightarrow 959ThedifferenceincreasesasThe difference increases as2(5x)+1\left(5^x\right)+1 rises faster than 2x−652^x-65 Hence only n=2n=2 and 4 are possible
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