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Olympiad workbook
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IOQM
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Basics of Mathematics

Olympiad workbook · IOQM · Basics of Mathematics

Find the smallest positive integer n ≥ 10 such that n+6 is a prime...

Find the smallest positive integer n≥10n \geq 10 such that n+6n+6 is a prime and 9n+79 n+7 is a perfect square.

Correct answer

53

Step-by-step solution

Since 9n+79 n+7 is a perfect square Let us assume that 9n+7=m29 n+7=\mathrm{m}^2 Also n+6n+6 is a prime number ⇒n+6\Rightarrow n+6 must be odd number ⇒n\Rightarrow \mathrm{n} also must be an odd number So Let us assume n=2k+1\mathrm{n}=2 \mathrm{k}+1....(ii) where k is an Integer 9(2k+1)+7=m2⇒18k=m2−16⇒18k=(m+4)(m−4)...(iii)\begin{aligned} & 9(2 k+1)+7=m^2 \\ & \Rightarrow 18 k=m^2-16 \\ & \Rightarrow 18 k=(m+4)(m-4) ...(iii) \end{aligned} Since 18k18 k is even and m+4m+4 and m−4m-4 both are of some parity ⇒m\Rightarrow m must also be even. say m=2pm=2 p, where pp is an Integer Substituting in (iii) 18k=(2p+4)(2p−4)=4(p+2)(p−2)⇒9k=2(p+2)(p−2)\begin{aligned} & 18 k=(2 p+4)(2 p-4)=4(p+2)(p-2) \\ & \Rightarrow 9 k=2(p+2)(p-2) \end{aligned} ⇒k\Rightarrow \mathrm{k} must be even, say k=2ℓ\mathrm{k}=2 \ell where ℓ\ell is an Integer 18ℓ=2(p+2)(p−2)⇒9ℓ=(p+2)(p−2)\begin{aligned} & 18 \ell=2(\mathrm{p}+2)(\mathrm{p}-2) \\ & \Rightarrow 9 \ell=(\mathrm{p}+2)(\mathrm{p}-2) \end{aligned} ⇒p\Rightarrow p must be of the form 9q+29 q+2 or 9q−29 q-2, where qq is an Integer First take p=9q−2⇒m=2(9q−2)p=9 q-2 \Rightarrow m=2(9 q-2) Take q=1, m=2×7=14⇒ m2=196\mathrm{q}=1, \mathrm{~m}=2 \times 7=14 \Rightarrow \mathrm{~m}^2=196 9n+7=196⇒9n=189⇒n=219 n+7=196 \Rightarrow 9 n=189 \Rightarrow n=21 ⇒n+6=27\Rightarrow n+6=27 which is not prime Next take p=9q+2⇒m=2(9q+2)p=9 q+2 \Rightarrow m=2(9 q+2) Take q=1⇒ m=2×11=22⇒ m2=484\mathrm{q}=1 \Rightarrow \mathrm{~m}=2 \times 11=22 \Rightarrow \mathrm{~m}^2=484 9n+7=484⇒9n=477⇒n=539 n+7=484 \Rightarrow 9 n=477 \Rightarrow n=53 ⇒n+6=59\Rightarrow n+6=59 which is a prime So n=53\mathrm{n}=53 is the smallest such number
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