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Olympiad workbook
Exam
Olympiad workbook
Subject
IOQM
Chapter
Permutation and Combination

Olympiad workbook · IOQM · Permutation and Combination

Let N be the number of ways of distributing 52 identical balls into...

Let NN be the number of ways of distributing 52 identical balls into 4 distinguishable boxes such that no box is empty and the difference between the number of balls in any two of the boxes is not a multiple of 6 . If N=100a+bN=100 a+b, where a,ba, b are positive integers less than 100 , find a+ba+b.

Correct answer

81

Step-by-step solution

Let ihi^{\mathrm{h}} box has 6λi+μi6 \lambda_{\mathrm{i}}+\mu_{\mathrm{i}} balls where λi,μi∈w\lambda_i, \mu_i \in w and μi≤5\mu_i \leq 5. Also, all μi\mu_{\mathrm{i}} 's are distinct. ∵6(λ1+λ2+λ3+λ4)+(μ1+μ2+μ3+μ4)=52 and μ1+μ2+μ3+μ4∈{6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14}\because \quad 6\left(\lambda_1+\lambda_2+\lambda_3+\lambda_4\right)+\left(\mu_1+\mu_2+\mu_3+\mu_4\right)=52 \text { and } \mu_1+\mu_2+\mu_3+\mu_4 \in\{6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14\} Hence, only one possibility is there λ1+λ2+λ3+λ4=7...(i) and μ1+μ2+μ3+μ4=10...(ii)\begin{array}{ll} & \lambda_1+\lambda_2+\lambda_3+\lambda_4=7 ...(i)\\ \text { and } & \mu_1+\mu_2+\mu_3+\mu_4=10...(ii) \end{array} Equation (ii) has only three solution sets, which are (5,4,1,0),(5,3,2,0)(5,4,1,0),(5,3,2,0) and (4,3,2,1)(4,3,2,1). Equation (i) has total 10C3{ }^{10} C_3 solutions and 4C1⋅9C2{ }^4 C_1 \cdot{ }^9 C_2 solutions when any λi\lambda_i is zero. So, N=3N=3\left({ }^{10} C_3 \cdot(4!)\right)-2\left({ }^4 C_1 \cdot{ }^9 C_2(3!)\right)=6912 \therefore \quad a=69 \text { and } b=12 .
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