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Olympiad workbook
Exam
Olympiad workbook
Subject
IOQM
Chapter
Permutation and Combination

Olympiad workbook · IOQM · Permutation and Combination

Consider the 10 -digit number M=9876543210 . We obtain a new...

Consider the 10 -digit number M=9876543210M=9876543210. We obtain a new 10-digit number from MM according to the following rule: we can choose one or more disjoint pairs of adjacent digits in MM and interchange the digits in these chosen pairs, keeping the remaining digits in their own places. For example, from M=9876343210M=9876343210, by interchanging the 2 underlined pairs, and keeping the others in their places, we get M1=9786453210M_1=9786453210. Note that any number of (disjoint) pairs can be interchanged. Find the number of new numbers that can be so obtained from MM.

Correct answer

88

Step-by-step solution

Number of ways if single pair is changed =9=9C1=9={ }^9 C_1 Number of ways if 2 pairs changed =7+6+5+…+1=7+6+5+\ldots+1 =28=8C2=28={ }^8 C_2 Number of ways if 3 pairs changed =7C3={ }^7 C_3 So, total numbers that can be formed =9C1+8C2+7C3+6C4+5C5={ }^9 C_1+{ }^8 C_2+{ }^7 C_3+{ }^6 C_4+{ }^5 C_5 =9+28+35+15+1=88\begin{aligned} & =9+28+35+15+1 \\ & =88 \end{aligned}
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