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Olympiad workbook
Exam
Olympiad workbook
Subject
IOQM
Chapter
Permutation and Combination

Olympiad workbook · IOQM · Permutation and Combination

Consider a permutation (a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5) of \ 1,2,3,4,5\ ....

Consider a permutation (a1,a2,a3,a4,a5)\left(a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5\right) of {1,2,3,4,5}\{1,2,3,4,5\}. We say the 5-tuple \left(a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5\right)isflawlessifforallis flawless if for all1 \leq i < j < k \leq 5,thesequence(aj,aj,ak), the sequence \left(a_j, a_j, a_k\right) is not an arithmetic progression (in that order). Find the number of flawless 5-tuples.

Correct answer

19

Step-by-step solution

There are only four possible three terms AP exist, which are < 1, 2,3 >, < 2, 3,4 >, < 3, 4, 5> and < 1, 3,5>Considerthesets3,5> Consider the setsA= < 1,2,3>arepresentinthesequenceare present in the sequenceB= < 2,3,4>arepresentinthesequenceare present in the sequenceC= < 3,4,5>arepresentinthesequenceare present in the sequenceD= < 1,3,5>arepresentinthesequenceare present in the sequence∵n(A)=n(B)=n(C)=n(D)=5C3⋅2⋅2‾=40n(A∩B)=n(B∩C)=5C4⋅2=10n(A∩C)=1+6×2=13n(A∩D)=5C4⋅2=n(C∩D)=10n(B∩D)=4⋅∣2∣2=16n(A∩B∩C)=2n(B∩C∩D)=4n(A∩C∩D)=2n(A∩B∩D)=4 and n(A∩B∩C∩D)=2 Now n(A∪B∪C∪D)=4(40)−69+12−2=101 So number of flawless 5-tuples =5−101=19\begin{aligned} & \because n(A)=n(B)=n(C)=n(D)={ }^5 C_3 \cdot 2 \cdot \underline{2}=40 \\ & n(A \cap B)=n(B \cap C)={ }^5 C_4 \cdot 2=10 \\ & n(A \cap C)=1+6 \times 2=13 \\ & n(A \cap D)={ }^5 C_4 \cdot 2=n(C \cap D)=10 \\ & n(B \cap D)=4 \cdot|2| 2=16 \\ & n(A \cap B \cap C)=2 \\ & n(B \cap C \cap D)=4 \\ & n(A \cap C \cap D)=2 \\ & n(A \cap B \cap D)=4 \text { and } n(A \cap B \cap C \cap D)=2 \\ & \text { Now } n(A \cup B \cup C \cup D)=4(40)-69+12-2=101 \\ & \text { So number of flawless 5-tuples }=5-101=19 \end{aligned}$
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