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Olympiad workbook
Exam
Olympiad workbook
Subject
IOQM
Chapter
Permutation and Combination

Olympiad workbook · IOQM · Permutation and Combination

In an equilateral triangle of side length 6 , pegs are placed at...

In an equilateral triangle of side length 6 , pegs are placed at the vertices and also evenly along each side at a distance of 1 from each other. Four distinct pegs are chosen from the 15 interior pegs on the sides (that is, the chosen ones are not vertices of the triangle) and each peg is joined to the respective opposite vertex by a line segment. If NN denotes the number of ways we can choose the pegs such that the drawn line segments divide the interior of the triangle into exactly nine regions, find the sum of the squares of the digits of NN.In an equilateral triangle of side length 6 , pegs are placed at the vertices and also evenly along each side at aIn an equilateral triangle of side length 6 , pegs are placed at the vertices and also evenly along each side at a

Correct answer

77

Step-by-step solution

Case I: In an equilateral triangle of side length 6 , pegs are placed at the vertices and also evenly along each side at a
To divide the triangle into 9 regions. Two pegs must be selected from a side and the other two from a different side. This can be done in 3C2×5C2×5C2=300{ }^3 C_2 \times{ }^5 C_2 \times{ }^5 C_2=300 ways Case II:In an equilateral triangle of side length 6 , pegs are placed at the vertices and also evenly along each side at a
Now we are choosing 3 points on three sides, such that three lines from those points are concurrent. By using Ceva's theorem in which product of three different ratio leads to 1 . Possible ratio on side AB,BCA B, B C and CAC A will be of the form mn,nm\frac{m}{n}, \frac{n}{m} and 1 i.e. mn×nm×1=1\frac{m}{n} \times \frac{n}{m} \times 1=1 Ratio 1:11: 1 can be choosen in 3 ways for all three sides other ratio can be choosen in 4 ways for other two sides i.e. there are 3×4+1=133 \times 4+1=13 ways Fourth point can be choosen in 12C112_{C_1}, ways Total such possibilities =12×13=156=12 \times 13=156 ways Total ways =300+156=456=300+156=456 Sum of squares of digit =42+52+62=16+25+36=77=4^2+5^2+6^2=16+25+36=77
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