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JEE Main 20265 AprilEvening Shift
Exam
JEE Main
Year
2026
Date
5 April
Shift
Evening Shift
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Electrostatics

JEE Main 2026 · 5 April · Evening Shift · Physics · Electrostatics

A particle of charge q and mass m is projected from origin with an...

A particle of charge qq and mass mm is projected from origin with an initial velocity v⃗=(v02x^+v02y^)\vec{v} = \left(\dfrac{v_0}{\sqrt{2}}\hat{x} + \dfrac{v_0}{\sqrt{2}}\hat{y}\right). There exists a uniform magnetic field B⃗=B0z^\vec{B} = B_0 \hat{z} and a space varying electric field E⃗=E0e−λxx^\vec{E} = E_0 e^{-\lambda x}\hat{x} within the region 0≤x≤L0 \leq x \leq L. After travelling a distance such that xx-coordinate has changed from x=0x=0 to x=Lx=L, the change in the kinetic energy is _______.

Options

  1. AqE0λ[1−e−λL]\dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda}[1 - e^{-\lambda L}]
  2. B(v0qB02λ)[2−e−2λL]\left(\dfrac{v_0 q B_0}{2\lambda}\right)[2 - e^{-2\lambda L}]
  3. CqE0λ[1+e−λL]\dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda}[1 + e^{-\lambda L}]
  4. Dq(E0+v0B0λ)[1−e−λL/2]q\left(\dfrac{E_0 + v_0 B_0}{\lambda}\right)[1 - e^{-\lambda L/2}]

Correct answer

A. qE0λ[1−e−λL]\dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda}[1 - e^{-\lambda L}]

Step-by-step solution

According to the work-energy theorem, the change in kinetic energy of a particle is equal to the total work done by all the forces acting on it.

The forces acting on the particle are the electric force and the magnetic force. The magnetic force is given by F⃗B=q(v⃗×B⃗)\vec{F}_B = q(\vec{v} \times \vec{B}). Since the magnetic force is always perpendicular to the velocity vector of the particle, the work done by the magnetic field is zero.

The change in kinetic energy is equal to the work done by the electric field alone. The electric force is F⃗E=qE⃗=qE0e−λxx^\vec{F}_E = q\vec{E} = qE_0 e^{-\lambda x}\hat{x}.

The work done by the electric field as the particle moves from x=0x = 0 to x=Lx = L is given by

WE=∫0LF⃗E⋅dr⃗=∫0LqE0e−λxdxW_E = \int_{0}^{L} \vec{F}_E \cdot d\vec{r} = \int_{0}^{L} qE_0 e^{-\lambda x} dx

Evaluating the integral, we get

WE=qE0[e−λx−λ]0LW_E = qE_0 \left[ \dfrac{e^{-\lambda x}}{-\lambda} \right]_{0}^{L}

WE=−qE0λ(e−λL−e0)W_E = -\dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda} (e^{-\lambda L} - e^{0})

WE=qE0λ[1−e−λL]W_E = \dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda} [1 - e^{-\lambda L}]

Thus, the change in kinetic energy is qE0λ[1−e−λL]\dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda} [1 - e^{-\lambda L}].

Answer: qE0λ[1−e−λL]\dfrac{qE_0}{\lambda}[1 - e^{-\lambda L}]
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