JEE Main 20258 AprilEvening Shift
- Exam
- JEE Main
- Year
- 2025
- Date
- 8 April
- Shift
- Evening Shift
- Subject
- Physics
- Chapter
- Nuclear Physics
JEE Main 2025 · 8 April · Evening Shift · Physics · Nuclear Physics
For a nucleus of mass number A and radius R , the mass density of...
For a nucleus of mass number and radius , the mass density of nucleus can be represented as
Options
- A
- B
- C
- DIndependent of A
Correct answer
D. Independent of A
Step-by-step solution
The mass density ( ) of a nucleus is defined as the ratio of its mass to its volume:
Mass of nucleus / Volume of nucleus
For a spherical nucleus with radius R , the volume is:
The mass of the nucleus is related to the mass number A :
\text{ Mass }-\mathrm{A} \times \mathrm{m} \text{ _u }
(where m_u is the atomic mass unit, approximately )
Therefore:
Now, there's an important relationship between the mass number A and nuclear radius R. Empirically, it has been found that:
Where Ro is a constant approximately equal to fermi).
Substituting this into the density equation:
\begin{aligned}<br/>& \rho=\left(\mathrm{A} \times \mathrm{m} \_\mathrm{u}\right) /\left[(4 / 3) \pi\left(\mathrm{Ro} \times \mathrm{A}^{\wedge}(1 / 3)\right)^3\right] \\ & \rho=(\mathrm{A} \times \mathrm{m} \text{ _u }) /\left[(4 / 3) \pi \mathrm{Ro}^3 \times \mathrm{A}\right] \\ & \rho=\mathrm{m} \_\mathrm{u} /\left[(4 / 3) \pi \mathrm{Ro}^3\right]<br/>\end{aligned}
This shows that the nuclear density is approximately constant for all nuclei, regardless of their mass number. This is a fundamental property of nuclear matter known as nuclear saturation density.
The numerical value is:
Mass of nucleus / Volume of nucleus
For a spherical nucleus with radius R , the volume is:
The mass of the nucleus is related to the mass number A :
\text{ Mass }-\mathrm{A} \times \mathrm{m} \text{ _u }
(where m_u is the atomic mass unit, approximately )
Therefore:
Now, there's an important relationship between the mass number A and nuclear radius R. Empirically, it has been found that:
Where Ro is a constant approximately equal to fermi).
Substituting this into the density equation:
\begin{aligned}<br/>& \rho=\left(\mathrm{A} \times \mathrm{m} \_\mathrm{u}\right) /\left[(4 / 3) \pi\left(\mathrm{Ro} \times \mathrm{A}^{\wedge}(1 / 3)\right)^3\right] \\ & \rho=(\mathrm{A} \times \mathrm{m} \text{ _u }) /\left[(4 / 3) \pi \mathrm{Ro}^3 \times \mathrm{A}\right] \\ & \rho=\mathrm{m} \_\mathrm{u} /\left[(4 / 3) \pi \mathrm{Ro}^3\right]<br/>\end{aligned}
This shows that the nuclear density is approximately constant for all nuclei, regardless of their mass number. This is a fundamental property of nuclear matter known as nuclear saturation density.
The numerical value is: