A chromosome with an extremely short and a very long arm is called ______.

Step-by-step solution

Based on the position of the centromere, chromosomes are classified into four types: Metacentric: The centromere is in the middle, forming two equal arms. Submetacentric: The centromere is slightly away from the middle, resulting in one shorter arm and one longer arm. Acrocentric: The centromere is situated close to its end, forming one extremely short and one very long arm. Telocentric: The centromere is at the terminal end. Therefore, a chromosome with an extremely short and a very long arm is called acrocentric.