MHT CET202521 Apr 2025Evening ShiftChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular StructureActual
What different types of bonds are formed by chlorine with oxygen in perchloric acid?
Options
- A2-single bonds and 2-double bonds
- B3 -single bonds and 1-double bond
- C2-single bonds and 3-double bonds
- D1 -single bond and 3-double bonds
Correct answer
D. 1 -single bond and 3-double bonds
Step-by-step solution
Perchloric acid structure: Chlorine acts as the central atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, with one oxygen also bonded to hydrogen. Total valence electrons: H (1) + Cl (7) + 4×O (24) = 32. Initial bonding uses 5 bonds (Cl-O and O-H), consuming 10 electrons. Remaining 22 electrons distribute as lone pairs: terminal O-H oxygen receives 2 pairs, three Cl-O oxygens each receive 3 pairs. Formal charges reveal instability: Cl (+3), three oxygens (-1) each. Minimizing charges by converting lone pairs to bonds yields the op