Identify the product when chlorobenzene is heated with nitrating mixture.

Step-by-step solution

Nitration of chlorobenzene proceeds via electrophilic aromatic substitution with the nitronium ion NO₂+ . The chloro substituent exhibits both inductive electron-withdrawing and mesomeric electron-donating effects, rendering it ortho-para directing while deactivating the ring. Attack occurs at both ortho and para positions relative to chlorine. This yields two isomeric products: 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene and 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene . The para isomer predominates due to reduced steric hindrance compared to the ortho p