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MHT CET202519 Apr 2025Morning ShiftChemistryHaloalkanes and HaloarenesActual

Identify the product formed from chlorobenzene on heating with conc. HNO ₃ in presence of conc. H ₂ SO ₄ .

Options

  1. AOnly 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene
  2. B1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene
  3. CMixture of 1-chloro-4- nitrobenzene and 1-chloro-2- nitrobenzene
  4. D2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene

Correct answer

C. Mixture of 1-chloro-4- nitrobenzene and 1-chloro-2- nitrobenzene

Step-by-step solution

Nitration of chlorobenzene with concentrated HNO ₃ and concentrated H ₂ SO ₄ proceeds via electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the nitronium ion NO ₂^+ acts as the electrophile. The chlorine substituent exhibits both an electron-withdrawing inductive effect and an electron-donating resonance effect, making it overall deactivating but ortho–para directing. Consequently, substitution occurs at the ortho and para positions, yielding a mixture of 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene and 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene. Option A is in

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