Which of the following is/are not true ? I) If 1 is not a prime number, then 2 is not a prime number. II) e is a vowel and 12 3 = 36 III) It is not true that 14 is a composite number and 3 is even number. IV) 5 is an irrational number, but 3 + 5 is a complex number.

Step-by-step solution

Let us evaluate the truth value of each statement: Statement I: "If 1 is not a prime number, then 2 is not a prime number." This is a conditional statement of the form p q . p : 1 is not a prime number (True). q : 2 is not a prime number (False, since 2 is a prime number). The truth value of T F is False. Thus, Statement I is not true. Statement II: "e is a vowel and 12 3 = 36 " This is a conjunction of the form p q . p : e is a vowel (True). q : 12 3 = 36 (True). The truth value of T T is True. Thus, Statement II