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NEET 2026
Exam
NEET
Year
2026
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Chapter

NEET 2026 · Physics · Chapter

A steady conduction current I is used to charge a parallel plate...

A steady conduction current II is used to charge a parallel plate capacitor having a plate area AA. Which of the following gives the correct expression for the rate of change of the electric field (dEdt\dfrac{dE}{dt}) in the gap between the plates?

Options

  1. AIϵ0A\dfrac{I}{\epsilon_0 A}
  2. Bϵ0IA\dfrac{\epsilon_0 I}{A}
  3. CIAϵ0\dfrac{I A}{\epsilon_0}
  4. DZero, since the conduction current is steady

Correct answer

A. Iϵ0A\dfrac{I}{\epsilon_0 A}

Step-by-step solution

The electric field EE between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is given by E=qϵ0AE = \dfrac{q}{\epsilon_0 A}, where qq is the charge on the capacitor plates and AA is the area of the plates.

Differentiating both sides with respect to time tt, we get:

dEdt=1ϵ0Adqdt\dfrac{dE}{dt} = \dfrac{1}{\epsilon_0 A} \dfrac{dq}{dt}

The rate of change of charge on the plates is equal to the steady conduction current II, so dqdt=I\dfrac{dq}{dt} = I.

Substituting this into the equation, we obtain:

dEdt=Iϵ0A\dfrac{dE}{dt} = \dfrac{I}{\epsilon_0 A}

Alternatively, using the concept of displacement current IdI_d, we know that the displacement current in the gap is equal to the conduction current II in the connecting wires.

Id=ϵ0AdEdtI_d = \epsilon_0 A \dfrac{dE}{dt}

Since Id=II_d = I, we have:

I=ϵ0AdEdt⇒dEdt=Iϵ0AI = \epsilon_0 A \dfrac{dE}{dt} \Rightarrow \dfrac{dE}{dt} = \dfrac{I}{\epsilon_0 A}

Answer: Iϵ0A\dfrac{I}{\epsilon_0 A}
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