JEE MainPhysicsAlternating Current
A circuit carries a current that has both a direct current (DC) component and a sinusoidal alternating current (AC) component. If the total current is given by I = I₁ + I₂ t , the effective (r.m.s.) value of the current is
Options
- AI₁^2+I₂^2 2
- BI₁^2+ I₂^2 2
- CI₁+I₂ 2
- DI₁^2+I₂^2
Correct answer
B. I₁^2+ I₂^2 2
Step-by-step solution
The r.m.s. current is the square root of the mean of the squared current over a complete cycle. The instantaneous current is I = I₁ + I₂ t . Squaring the current yields: I^2 = I₁^2 + I₂^2 ^2 t + 2 I₁ I₂ t Taking the time average over one full cycle: I^2 = I₁^2 + I₂^2 ^2 t + 2 I₁ I₂ t Since the average value of t over a full cycle is 0 and the average value of ^2 t is 1 2 : I^2 = I₁^2 + I₂^2 2 + 0 The r.m.s. current is: I_ rms = I^2 = I₁^2 + I₂^2 2 Answer: I₁^2+ I₂^2 2