JEE Advanced
Physics
Thermal Properties of Matter
2023
JEE Advanced 2023 (Paper 1)
JEE Advanced Physics Question (2023) — Solution
Question
Match the temperature of a black body given in List- I with an appropriate statement in List- II , and choose the correct option. [Given: Wien’s constant as 2 . 9 × 10 - 3   m - K and h c e = 1 . 24 × 10 - 6   V - m ] List- I List- II P 2000   K 1 The radiation at peak wavelength can lead to emission of photoelectrons from a metal of work function 4   eV Q 3000   K 2 The radiation at peak wavelength is visible to human eye R 5000   K 3 The radiation at peak emission wavelength will result in the widest central maximum of a single slit diffraction S 10000   K 4 The power emitted per unit area is 1 16 of that emitted by a blackbody at temperature 6000   K 5 The radiation at peak emission wavelength can be used to image human bones
Options
- A. P → 3 ,   Q → 5 ,   R → 2 ,   S → 3
- B. P → 3 ,   Q → 2 ,   R → 4 ,   S → 1
- C. P → 3 ,   Q → 4 ,   R → 2 ,   S → 1
- D. P → 1 ,   Q → 2 ,   R → 5 ,   S → 3
Answer
C. P → 3 ,   Q → 4 ,   R → 2 ,   S → 1
Step-by-step solution
Maximum wavelength for each case: P   2000   K λ m T = b ⇒ λ m = b T = 2 . 9 × 10 - 3 2000 = 1 . 45 × 10 - 6   m = 1450   nm ( Q )   3000   K λ m T = b ⇒ λ m = 2 . 9 × 10 - 3 3000 = 966 . 66   nm ( R )   5000   K λ m T = b ⇒ λ m = 2 . 9 × 10 - 3 5000 = 580   nm ( S )   10000   K λ m T = b ⇒ λ m = 2 . 9 × 10 - 3 10 , 000 = 290   nm Now for List- II : 1   λ t h = h c ϕ = 1 . 24 × 10 - 6 4 = 0 . 31 × 10 - 6   m = 310   nm For λ ≤ λ th , emission of photoelectrons will take place. Therefore, S → 1 . 2 Wavelength range visible to human eye ranges from 400   to   700   nm . Therefore, R → 2 . 3 Width of the central maxima is directly proportional to the wavelength of the light used. Therefore, for maximum width, maximum wavelength is required. Hence, P → 3 . 4 Power emitted by blackbody is given by, σ T 1 4 = 1 16 σ T 4 2 ⇒ T 1 = 1 2 T 2 = 3000   K Therefore, Q → 4 . 5 For imaging bones X -rays are used in the wavelength range of 1 - 10   nm . None of the options in List- I matches with it.
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