MHT CET Chemistry Question (2026) — Solution

Step-by-step solution

Isotonic solutions are those which have the same osmotic pressure at a given temperature. Osmotic pressure is given by = iCRT, where i is the van't Hoff factor, C is the molar concentration, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. For two solutions to be isotonic, their effective concentrations must be equal: i_1C_1 = i_2C_2. For 0.1 M urea and 0.1 M sucrose: Urea is a non-electrolyte, so i = 1. Effective concentration = 1 0.1 = 0.1 M. Sucrose is a non-electrolyte, so i = 1. Effective concentration = 1 0.1 = 0.1 M. Since i_1C_1 = i_2C_2, these two solutions are isotonic. For 0.1 M urea and 0.1 M KCl: KCl dissociates into K^+ and Cl^-, so i = 2. Effective concentration = 2 0.1 = 0.2 M. They are not isotonic. For 0.1 M KCl and 0.1 M CaCl _2: CaCl _2 dissociates into Ca^ 2+ and 2Cl^-, so i = 3. Effective concentration = 3 0.1 = 0.3 M. They are not isotonic. Answer: 0.1 M urea and 0.1 M sucrose