Question 1

Which of the following structure is not a part of the male reproductive system ?

Accepted Answer

The male sex accessory ducts include rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens. The infundibulum is a funnel-shaped part of the fallopian tube, which is a part of the female reproductive system. Answer: Infundibulum

Question 2

Spermatogonia undergo a series of cell divisions to produce sperms. Select the correct statements from the following : A. Spermatogonia always undergo meiotic cell division. B. Primary spermatocytes d

Accepted Answer

Spermatogonia present on the inside wall of seminiferous tubules multiply by mitotic division and increase in numbers. Thus, statement A is incorrect. Some of the spermatogonia called primary spermatocytes periodically undergo meiosis. A primary spermatocyte completes the first meiotic division (reduction division) leading to formation of two equal, haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes. Thus, statement B is incorrect. The secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to pro

Question 3

Which of the following hormone is not secreted by human placenta ?

Accepted Answer

The human placenta acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens, and progestogens. Luteinizing hormone (LH) is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis), not by the placenta."

Question 4

Match List I with List II related to embryonic development at various months of pregnancy : List I List II A. The foetus movement starts and hair appears on the head I. 24 weeks of pregnancy B. The fo

Accepted Answer

According to the standard textbook on human reproduction: By the end of the second month (8 weeks) of pregnancy, the foetus develops limbs and digits. Thus, B matches III. By the end of 12 weeks (first trimester), most of the major organ systems are formed, including well-developed external genital organs. Thus, C matches IV. During the fifth month (20 weeks), the first movements of the foetus and the appearance of hair on the head are observed. Thus, A matches II. By the end of about 24 weeks (

Question 5

Arrange the following cell layers/structures around the female gamete, from outer to inner side : A. Zona pellucida B. Perivitelline space C. Corona radiata D. Plasma membrane of ovum Choose the corre

Accepted Answer

The mature female gamete (ovum) is surrounded by several layers. From the outermost to the innermost side, the arrangement is as follows: Corona radiata: The outermost layer consisting of follicle cells. Zona pellucida: A non-cellular glycoprotein layer situated just inside the corona radiata. Perivitelline space: The narrow space between the zona pellucida and the plasma membrane of the ovum. Plasma membrane of ovum (Oolemma): The innermost boundary enclosing the cytoplasm of the ovum. Therefor

Question 6

The covering of ovum at ovulation is __________.

Accepted Answer

At ovulation, the mammalian ovum (in the secondary oocyte stage) is released from the Graafian follicle. It is surrounded by two main coverings: 1. Zona pellucida: An inner, non-cellular glycoprotein layer secreted by the oocyte. 2. Corona radiata: An outer, cellular layer formed by the follicular cells (granulosa cells).

Question 7

Given below are two statements : Statement I : Ovulation is caused by LH surge leading to rupture of Graafian follicles. Statement II : Graafian follicle remaining after ovulation transform into corpu

Accepted Answer

Statement I is correct because the rapid secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle (LH surge) induces the rupture of the Graafian follicle, which causes the release of the ovum (ovulation). Statement II is incorrect because after ovulation, the ruptured Graafian follicle transforms into the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone, not estrogen, which is essential for the maintenance of the endometrium for a potential p

Question 8

Find the correct statement : (A) In human pregnancy, the major organ systems are formed at the end of 12 weeks. (B) In human pregnancy the major organ systems are formed at the end of 8 weeks. (C) In

Accepted Answer

In a human female's pregnancy. - By the end of 12 weeks ( 1^ st trimester), most of major organ systems are formed (not by end of 8 weeks). - After one month of pregnancy, the embryo's heart is formed. - By the end of second month of pregnancy, the foetus develops limbs and digits. - The first movements of foetus and appearance of hair on head are usually observed during the fifth month.

Question 9

Consider the following : A. The reductive division for the human female gametogenesis starts earlier than that of the male gametogenesis. B. The gap between the first meiotic division and the second m

Accepted Answer

Statements A and B are true while statements C and D are false. The first polar body is associated with the formation of the secondary oocyte LH surge leads to ovulation. Decreased levels of progesterone during late luteal phase leads to degeneration of the endometrium and onset of menstrual bleeding.

Question 10

The first menstruation is called :

Accepted Answer

The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche. - Ovulation is the process that deals with the release of secondary oocyte from the mature Graafian follicle. - In human beings, menstrual cycles ceases around 50 years of age; that is termed as menopause. - Diapause is a state of dormancy or developmental arrest in an organism.

Question 11

Twins are born to a family that lives next door to you. The twins are a boy and a girl. Which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

Fraternal twins or dizygotic twins are 2 separate fertilized eggs, they usually develop 2 separate amniotic sacs, placentas and supporting structures. If twins are a boy and a girl, this indicates they are fraternal twins.

Question 12

Match List - I with List - II. array |l|l|l|l| & List - I & & List - II \ A . & Head & (i) & Enzymes \ B. & Middle piece & (ii) & Sperm motility \ C. & Acrosome & (iii) & Energy \ D. & Tail & (iv)

Accepted Answer

- The sperm head contains elongated nucleus which possesses the genetic material. - The middle piece possesses numerous mitochondria, which produce energy for movement. - Acrosome is a cap-like structure filled with enzymes that help in fertilization of ovum. - The tail of sperm facilitates sperm motility essential for fertilisation.

Question 13

Arrange the following parts in human Mammary gland, traversing the route of milk ejection. A. Mammary duct B. Lactiferous duct C. Mammary alveolus D. Ampulla E. Mammary tubule Choose the correct answe

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Option (3) as the correct route of milk ejection via mammary glands in human is: Mammary alveolus Mammary tubule Mammary duct Mammary ampulla Lactiferous duct In the question, the given structures are represented as:- C E A D B (given in option 3 ) The other option i.e., (1), (2) and (4) are incorrect as they represent the wrong pathway.

Question 14

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R . Assertion A: During menstrual cycle, the ovulation takes place approximately on 14^ th day. Reaso

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option (3), because in a 28 days menstrual cycle of a human female, rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle ( 14^ th day) called LH surge induces the rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation). Hence, both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Question 15

Match List-I with List-II relating to human female external genitalia. array |l|l|r|l| & array l List I \ (Structures) array & & array l List II \ (Features) array \ A. & Mons pubis & I. & A fleshy

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option (1) because - Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair. So (A) matches with (II). - Clitoris is a tiny finger like structure which lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora above the urethral opening. So, (B) matches with (III) - Hymen is a membrane which partially covers the opening of vagina., So (C) matches with (IV) - Labia majora are fleshy folds of tissue which extends down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal open

Question 16

Match List-I with List-II: array |l|l|l|l| & List I & & List II \ A. & Parturition & I. & Several antibodies for new-born babies \ B. & Placenta & II. & Collection of ovum after ovulation \ C. & Co

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option (1) as - Parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism. The signals for parturition originate from the fully developed foetus and the placenta that induce mild uterine contractions called foetal ejection reflex. - Placenta acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like hCG, hPL estrogens, progestogens, etc. - The milk produced during the initial few days of lactation is called colostrum that contains several antibodies absolutely necess

Question 17

Which of the following is not a component of Fallopian tube?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option (4) as uterine fundus is the upper, dome-shaped part of the uterus, above the opening of fallopian tubes. - Option (1) is incorrect as isthmus is the last and narrow part of the oviduct that links to the uterus. - Option (2) is incorrect as infundibulum is the part of oviduct which is closer to the ovary. - Option (3) is incorrect as ampulla is the wider part of the oviduct.

Question 18

Given below are two statements: Statement I: The presence or absence of hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity. Statement II: The hymen is torn during the first coitus only. In the light of th

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option no. (2) because the presence or absence of hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity because hymen can also be broken by a sudden jolt, insertion of a vaginal tampon, active participation in some sports and in some women the hymen persists even after coitus.

Question 19

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R : Assertion A : Breast-feeding during initial period of infant growth is recommended by doctors for

Accepted Answer

Correct answer is option (4) Breast-feeding during initial period of infant growth is recommended by doctors for bringing a healthy baby as colostrum contains several antibodies absolutely essential to develop resistance for the new born baby.

Question 20

Identify the correct option (A), (B), (C), (D) with respect to spermatogenesis.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is option no. (4) as (A) is FSH which is a pituitary hormone. (B) is Leydig cells which are found in the interstitial space outside of the seminiferous tubules. (C) is Sertoli cells are found inside the seminiferous tubules. (D) is Spermiogenesis which is a process that helps in transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa.

Human Reproduction — Previous Year Questions & Solutions