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NEET
Exam
NEET
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Wave Optics

NEET · Physics · Wave Optics

Two coherent sources of light with intensities I_1 and I_2 produce...

Two coherent sources of light with intensities I1I_1 and I2I_2 produce an interference pattern on a screen. Which of the following mathematical relations for the average intensity (IavgI_{\text{avg}}) over the entire screen correctly demonstrates that the principle of conservation of energy holds true?

Options

  1. AIavg=I1+I22I_{\text{avg}} = \dfrac{I_1 + I_2}{2}
  2. BIavg=I1+I2I_{\text{avg}} = I_1 + I_2
  3. CIavg=(I1+I2)2I_{\text{avg}} = (\sqrt{I_1} + \sqrt{I_2})^2
  4. DIavg=I1I2I_{\text{avg}} = \sqrt{I_1 I_2}

Correct answer

B. Iavg=I1+I2I_{\text{avg}} = I_1 + I_2

Step-by-step solution

The intensity at any point in an interference pattern is given by I=I1+I2+2I1I2cos⁡ϕI = I_1 + I_2 + 2\sqrt{I_1 I_2}\cos\phi, where ϕ\phi is the phase difference between the two waves.

To find the average intensity over the entire screen, we take the average of the intensity expression over a full cycle of phase difference. The average value of cos⁡ϕ\cos\phi over a complete cycle is zero.

Therefore, Iavg=I1+I2+2I1I2(0)=I1+I2I_{\text{avg}} = I_1 + I_2 + 2\sqrt{I_1 I_2}(0) = I_1 + I_2.

This relation shows that the total energy distributed over the screen is exactly equal to the sum of the individual energies from the two sources, proving that energy is conserved and merely redistributed.

Answer: Iavg=I1+I2I_{\text{avg}} = I_1 + I_2
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