Whenever a reaction between an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent is carried out, a compound of lower oxidation state is formed if the reducing agent is in excess, and a compound of higher oxidation state is formed if the oxidizing agent is in excess. This statement is justified because:

Options

1. AThe reducing agent gains electrons and the oxidizing agent loses electrons.
2. BThe reducing agent loses electrons and the oxidizing agent gains electrons.
3. CThe reducing agent donates protons and the oxidizing agent accepts protons.
4. DThe reducing agent accepts protons and the oxidizing agent donates protons.