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NEETZoologyExcretory Products and their Elimination

A patient experiences a significant increase in blood flow to the atria of the heart due to elevated blood volume. Which of the following correctly describes the immediate hormonal response and its direct physiological consequence?

Options

  1. ARelease of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF), which stimulates the renin-angiotensin mechanism to maintain glome
  2. BRelease of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) from the neurohypophysis to further increase blood volume and pressure
  3. CRelease of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote the excretion of excess sodium and water
  4. DRelease of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF), which causes vasodilation and acts as a check on the renin-angiote

Correct answer

D. Release of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF), which causes vasodilation and acts as a check on the renin-angiote

Step-by-step solution

An increase in blood flow to the atria of the heart stimulates the release of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF). ANF causes vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and thereby decreases blood pressure. Furthermore, ANF acts as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism, opposing its effects. Option 1 is incorrect because ANF inhibits, rather than stimulates, the renin-angiotensin mechanism. Option 2 is incorrect because ADH is released in response to low blood volume or excessive fluid loss, not elevated blood volum

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