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NEETZoologyMolecular Basis of Inheritance

In their classic experiment to establish the nature of the genetic material, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase utilized radioactive isotopes of phosphorus ( ³² P ) and sulfur ( ³⁵ S ). What was the fundamental biochemical rationale for selecting these specific isotopes?

Options

  1. ADNA contains sulfur but lacks phosphorus, whereas proteins contain phosphorus but lack sulfur.
  2. BBoth DNA and proteins contain phosphorus, but only the viral DNA enters the bacterial host.
  3. CDNA contains phosphorus but lacks sulfur, whereas proteins contain sulfur but lack phosphorus.
  4. DPhosphorus and sulfur are the only radioactive isotopes available for biological research.

Correct answer

C. DNA contains phosphorus but lacks sulfur, whereas proteins contain sulfur but lack phosphorus.

Step-by-step solution

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase grew some viruses on a medium that contained radioactive phosphorus and some others on a medium that contained radioactive sulfur. Viruses grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorus contained radioactive DNA but not radioactive protein because DNA contains phosphorus but protein does not. Similarly, viruses grown on radioactive sulfur contained radioactive protein but not radioactive DNA because proteins contain sulfur (in specific amino acids) but DNA does not. This distinct bi

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