NEETZoologyOrganisms and Populations
A human population exhibits an urn-shaped age pyramid. If this population experiences zero immigration and zero emigration, which of the following relationships must be true regarding its demographic factors?
Options
- ANatality is less than Mortality
- BNatality is greater than Mortality
- CNatality is equal to Mortality
- DNatality plus Immigration is equal to Mortality plus Emigration
Correct answer
A. Natality is less than Mortality
Step-by-step solution
An urn-shaped age pyramid has a narrower base (fewer pre-reproductive individuals) compared to the reproductive age group, which indicates a declining population. The equation for population density change is N_ t+1 = N_ t + [(B + I) - (D + E)] . Given that immigration ( I ) and emigration ( E ) are zero, the equation simplifies to N_ t+1 = N_ t + (B - D) . For a declining population, N_ t+1 must be less than N_ t , which means (B - D) must be negative. Therefore, natality ( B ) must be strictly less than mortality