Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): When the per-capita birth rate of a population equals its per-capita death rate, the population density plotted against time yields a horizontal line parallel to the time axis. Reason (R): The intrinsic rate of natural increase ( r ) for such a population is 1 , resulting in a constant population s

Step-by-step solution

Assertion (A) is true: When the per-capita birth rate ( b ) equals the per-capita death rate ( d ), the population size remains constant over time. On a graph of population density ( N ) versus time ( t ), a constant population size is represented by a flat, horizontal line parallel to the time axis. Reason (R) is false: The intrinsic rate of natural increase ( r ) is the difference between the per-capita birth rate and the per-capita death rate ( r = b - d ). When b = d , the value of r is 0 , not 1 . A zero intri