NEETZoologyOrganisms and Populations
Which of the following ecological interactions perfectly exemplifies both mutualism and strict one-to-one co-evolution?
Options
- ASea anemone and clownfish
- BFig tree and pollinator wasp
- CCattle egret and grazing cattle
- DOrchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch
Correct answer
B. Fig tree and pollinator wasp
Step-by-step solution
The interaction between the fig tree and the pollinator wasp is an example of mutualism (+/+) where both species benefit. It also exemplifies strict one-to-one co-evolution, meaning a given fig species can be pollinated only by its specific partner wasp species and no other. The other options represent commensalism (+/0): - Sea anemone and clownfish: The clownfish gets protection from predators, while the anemone is neither harmed nor benefited. - Cattle egret and grazing cattle: The egret benefits by getting flush