Arrange the following in the decreasing order of their Dipole moments. a. Chlorobenzene b. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene c. 1,3-Dichlorobenzene d. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene.

Step-by-step solution

Let be the dipole moment of a single C-Cl bond. The net dipole moment is _ net = ₁^2 + ₂^2 + 2 ₁ ₂ , where is the angle between the two C-Cl bonds. (b) 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (ortho): = 60° _ net = ^2 + ^2 + 2 ^2 60° = 3 (Highest) (d) 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (para): = 180° _ net = ^2 + ^2 + 2 ^2 180° = 0 (Lowest) (c) 1,3-Dichlorobenzene (meta): = 120° _ net = ^2 + ^2 + 2 ^2 120° = (a) Chlorobenzene: theoretically _ net = , but due to the -I effect of the second Cl in 1,3-dichlorobenzene slightly reducing individual bond d