The nuclear forces a. are central forces, independent of the spin of the nucleons. b. have a short-range dominant over a distance of about a few fermi c. are stronger being hundred times stronger than that of electromagnetic forces. d. are independent of the nuclear charge. Which of the above is not true?

Step-by-step solution

Nuclear forces are known to be non-central forces, meaning they depend on the orientation of the spins of the nucleons. Therefore, the statement that they are central forces is incorrect. Nuclear forces have a very short range, typically effective only within a few femtometers (fermi), which makes statement b true. Nuclear forces are the strongest fundamental forces in nature, being approximately 100 times stronger than electromagnetic forces, making statement c true. Nuclear forces are charge-independent, meaning