Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
- Exam
- Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
- Subject
- Physics
- Chapter
- Physics and Mathematics
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Physics and Mathematics
Determine the sum of vectors A , B , and C , each possessing a...
Determine the sum of vectors , , and , each possessing a magnitude of units and inclined to the X-axis at angles of 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}}, 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}}, and 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} respectively.
Options
- A unit at 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
- B unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
- C unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
- D unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
Correct answer
B. unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
Step-by-step solution
The vectors can be expressed in Cartesian coordinates as follows:
\vec{A} = 100(\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})
\vec{B} = 100(\cos 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j}) = 100(-\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})
\vec{C} = 100(\cos 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j}) = 100(\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} - \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})
Observing vectors and , their angles differ by 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} - 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} = 180^{}^{{}^{\circ}}. Since they have equal magnitudes and are in opposite directions, their sum is zero:
The resultant of the three vectors is:
Therefore, the resultant vector is equal to , which has a magnitude of units and is inclined at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with the X-axis.
\vec{A} = 100(\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})
\vec{B} = 100(\cos 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j}) = 100(-\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})
\vec{C} = 100(\cos 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j}) = 100(\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} - \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})
Observing vectors and , their angles differ by 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} - 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} = 180^{}^{{}^{\circ}}. Since they have equal magnitudes and are in opposite directions, their sum is zero:
The resultant of the three vectors is:
Therefore, the resultant vector is equal to , which has a magnitude of units and is inclined at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with the X-axis.