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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Physics and Mathematics

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Physics and Mathematics

Determine the sum of vectors A , B , and C , each possessing a...

Determine the sum of vectors A⃗\vec{A}, B⃗\vec{B}, and C⃗\vec{C}, each possessing a magnitude of 100100 units and inclined to the X-axis at angles of 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}}, 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}}, and 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} respectively.

Options

  1. A100100 unit at 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
  2. B100100 unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
  3. C1002100\sqrt{2} unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis
  4. D200200 unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis

Correct answer

B. 100100 unit at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with X-axis

Step-by-step solution

The vectors can be expressed in Cartesian coordinates as follows:

\vec{A} = 100(\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})

\vec{B} = 100(\cos 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j}) = 100(-\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})

\vec{C} = 100(\cos 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} + \sin 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j}) = 100(\cos 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{i} - \sin 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} \hat{j})

Observing vectors B⃗\vec{B} and C⃗\vec{C}, their angles differ by 315^{}^{{}^{\circ}} - 135^{}^{{}^{\circ}} = 180^{}^{{}^{\circ}}. Since they have equal magnitudes and are in opposite directions, their sum is zero:

B⃗+C⃗=0⃗\vec{B} + \vec{C} = \vec{0}

The resultant of the three vectors is:

R⃗=A⃗+B⃗+C⃗=A⃗+0⃗=A⃗\vec{R} = \vec{A} + \vec{B} + \vec{C} = \vec{A} + \vec{0} = \vec{A}

Therefore, the resultant vector is equal to A⃗\vec{A}, which has a magnitude of 100100 units and is inclined at 45^{}^{{}^{\circ}} with the X-axis.
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