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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
The Forces

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · The Forces

Equal charges are deposited on two spherical bodies, each having a...

Equal charges are deposited on two spherical bodies, each having a mass of 50 kg50 \text{ kg} and positioned 20 cm20 \text{ cm} apart. If the magnitude of the Coulomb repulsion between them exactly balances their gravitational attraction, determine the magnitude of the charge on each body.

Options

  1. A4.3×10−10 C4.3 \times 10^{-10} \text{ C}
  2. B2.2×10−8 C2.2 \times 10^{-8} \text{ C}
  3. C8.6×10−10 C8.6 \times 10^{-10} \text{ C}
  4. D4.3×10−9 C4.3 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C}

Correct answer

D. 4.3×10−9 C4.3 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C}

Step-by-step solution

The Coulomb repulsion force between the two charges is given by Fe=14πϵ0q2r2F_e = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \dfrac{q^2}{r^2}

The gravitational attraction force between the two masses is given by Fg=Gm2r2F_g = G \dfrac{m^2}{r^2}

Since the Coulomb repulsion exactly balances the gravitational attraction, we have Fe=FgF_e = F_g

14πϵ0q2r2=Gm2r2\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \dfrac{q^2}{r^2} = G \dfrac{m^2}{r^2}

q2=4πϵ0Gm2q^2 = 4\pi\epsilon_0 G m^2

q=m4πϵ0Gq = m \sqrt{4\pi\epsilon_0 G}

Substituting the given values m=50 kgm = 50 \text{ kg}, G=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2G = 6.67 \times 10^{-11} \text{ N m}^2/\text{kg}^2, and 14πϵ0=9×109 N m2/C2\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} = 9 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2/\text{C}^2:

q=50×6.67×10−119×109q = 50 \times \sqrt{\dfrac{6.67 \times 10^{-11}}{9 \times 10^9}}

q=50×0.741×10−20q = 50 \times \sqrt{0.741 \times 10^{-20}}

q≈50×0.86×10−10q \approx 50 \times 0.86 \times 10^{-10}

q≈43×10−10 C=4.3×10−9 Cq \approx 43 \times 10^{-10} \text{ C} = 4.3 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C}
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