A glass full of water is enclosed by a jar, and the air within the jar is entirely evacuated. The force applied by the water on the bottom of the glass and the net vertical force exerted by the sides of the glass on the water are calculated. If a glass of a different shape is used, under what conditions will these calculated forces remain unchanged?

Step-by-step solution

Let the height of the water be h , the area of the bottom of the glass be A , the volume of the water be V , and the density of water be . Since the air within the jar is entirely evacuated, the pressure at the free surface of the water is zero. The pressure at the bottom of the glass is: P = g h The downward force applied by the water on the bottom of the glass is: F_b = P A = g h A Considering the vertical equilibrium of the water, the net upward force exerted by the glass must balance the total weight of the wat