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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Some Mechanical Properties of Matter

Consider a small surface area of 1 mm^2 at the top of a mercury...

Consider a small surface area of 1 mm21 \text{ mm}^2 at the top of a mercury drop of radius 4.0 mm4.0 \text{ mm}. Determine the force exerted on this area by the air above it. Atmospheric pressure is 1.0×105 Pa1.0 \times 10^5 \text{ Pa} and surface tension of mercury is 0.465 N/m0.465 \text{ N/m}. Neglect the effect of gravity. Assume all numbers to be exact.

Options

  1. A1.0 N1.0 \text{ N}
  2. B0.2 N0.2 \text{ N}
  3. C0.1 N0.1 \text{ N}
  4. D0.01 N0.01 \text{ N}

Correct answer

C. 0.1 N0.1 \text{ N}

Step-by-step solution

The pressure exerted by the air above the mercury drop is the atmospheric pressure, P0=1.0×105 PaP_0 = 1.0 \times 10^5 \text{ Pa}.

The given surface area on the drop is A=1 mm2=1.0×10−6 m2A = 1 \text{ mm}^2 = 1.0 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}^2.

The force exerted by the air on this area is calculated as:

F=P0×AF = P_0 \times A

F=(1.0×105)×(1.0×10−6)=0.1 NF = (1.0 \times 10^5) \times (1.0 \times 10^{-6}) = 0.1 \text{ N}

The surface tension and radius of the drop are not required to find the force exerted by the outside air, as they are used to determine the pressure inside the drop.
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