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Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Exam
Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1]
Subject
Physics
Chapter
Sound Waves

Concepts Of Physics MCQ Edition [Volume 1] · Physics · Sound Waves

A wire of length 30.0 cm and mass 10.0 g is secured at both ends...

A wire of length 30.0 cm30.0 \text{ cm} and mass 10.0 g10.0 \text{ g} is secured at both ends and vibrates in its fundamental mode. A closed organ pipe measuring 50.0 cm50.0 \text{ cm} in length is positioned with its open end close to the wire, and it is driven into resonance in its fundamental mode by the vibrating wire. Determine the tension in the wire. The speed of sound in air is 340 m s−1340 \text{ m s}^{-1}.

Options

  1. A86.7 N86.7 \text{ N}
  2. B1387 N1387 \text{ N}
  3. C104 N104 \text{ N}
  4. D347 N347 \text{ N}

Correct answer

D. 347 N347 \text{ N}

Step-by-step solution

The fundamental frequency of the closed organ pipe is given by:

f=v4Lcf = \dfrac{v}{4L_c}

Substituting v=340 m s−1v = 340 \text{ m s}^{-1} and Lc=0.5 mL_c = 0.5 \text{ m}:

f=3404×0.5=170 Hzf = \dfrac{340}{4 \times 0.5} = 170 \text{ Hz}

Since the wire is in resonance with the pipe, its fundamental frequency is also 170 Hz170 \text{ Hz}. The fundamental frequency of a stretched wire is given by:

f=12LwTμf = \dfrac{1}{2L_w} \sqrt{\dfrac{T}{\mu}}

Here, the length of the wire is Lw=0.3 mL_w = 0.3 \text{ m} and its linear mass density is μ=mLw=10×10−30.3=130 kg m−1\mu = \dfrac{m}{L_w} = \dfrac{10 \times 10^{-3}}{0.3} = \dfrac{1}{30} \text{ kg m}^{-1}.

Substituting the known values into the frequency formula:

170=12×0.3T1/30170 = \dfrac{1}{2 \times 0.3} \sqrt{\dfrac{T}{1/30}}

170×0.6=30T170 \times 0.6 = \sqrt{30T}

102=30T102 = \sqrt{30T}

Squaring both sides:

10404=30T10404 = 30T

T=1040430=346.8 NT = \dfrac{10404}{30} = 346.8 \text{ N}

Rounding off, the tension in the wire is approximately 347 N347 \text{ N}.
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